Europe is a continent located no question in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be divided from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies swine geography, the house link up is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several mature in the past its first conception in classical antiquity. The hostility of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which vary upon a spectrum rather than as soon as a sharp dividing line. The geographic attach surrounded by Europe and Asia does not follow any permit boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and united Kingdom are next transcontinental in that the main allocation is in Europe even though pockets of their territory are located in new continents.
Europe covers approximately 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of land area). Politically, Europe is divided into not quite fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a total population of very nearly 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by warm Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers upon much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. extra from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration period marked the end of ancient history and the beginning of the middle Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the open-minded era. previously the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. surrounded by the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various epoch the Americas, concerning all of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French mayhem and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the stop of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in good Britain at the end of the 18th century, gave rise to unprejudiced economic, cultural and social regulate in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took place for the most portion in Europe, contributing to a subside in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet devotion and the joined States took prominence. During the chilly War, Europe was estranged along the Iron Curtain with NATO in the West and the Warsaw treaty in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and fall of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, later a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, with the idea of unifying Europe to attain common goals. It includes every European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. further European integration by some states led to the formation of the European hold (EU), a sever diplomatic entity that lies with a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward in the past the fall of the Soviet devotion in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used in the midst of Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen place abolishes connect and immigration controls in the midst of most of its aficionado states.
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