Spain (Spanish: Espaa [espaa] (About this soundlisten)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de Espaa), is a country mostly located in Europe. Its continental European territory is situated on the Iberian Peninsula. Its territory furthermore includes two archipelagoes: the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa, and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The African enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Pen de Vlez de la Gomera make Spain the forlorn European country to have a swine affix similar to an African country (Morocco). Several small islands in the Alboran Sea are as well as allocation of Spanish territory. The country’s mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a little home boundary considering Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the niche of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.
With an area of 505,990 km2 (195,360 sq mi), Spain is the largest country in Southern Europe, the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union, and the fourth largest country in the European continent. By population (about 47 million), Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union. Spain’s capital and largest city is Madrid; extra major urban areas total Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Mlaga and Bilbao.
Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula on 35,000 years ago. Iberian cultures along next ancient Phoenician, Greek, Celtic and Carthaginian settlements developed on the peninsula until it came below Roman decide on the order of 200 BCE, after which the region was named Hispania, based upon the earlier Phoenician pronounce Sp(a)n or Spania. At the stop of the Western Roman Empire the Germanic tribal confederations migrated from Central Europe, invaded the Iberian peninsula and usual relatively independent realms in its western provinces, including the Suebi, Alans and Vandals. Eventually, the Visigoths would forcibly integrate every remaining independent territories in the peninsula, including Byzantine provinces, into the Kingdom of Toledo, which more or less unified politically, ecclesiastically and legally every the former Roman provinces or successor kingdoms of what was then documented as Hispania.
In the in the future eighth century the Visigothic Kingdom fell to the Moors of the Umayyad Islamic Caliphate, who arrived to announce most of the peninsula in the year 726, rejection and no-one else a handful of small Christian realms in the north and lasting stirring to seven centuries in the Kingdom of Granada. This led to many wars during a long reconquering times across the Iberian Peninsula, which led to the establishment of Kingdom of Leon, Kingdom of Castille, Kingdom of Aragon and Kingdom of Navarre as the main Christian kingdoms to viewpoint the invasion. subsequent to the Moorish conquest, Europeans began a gradual process of retaking the region known as the Reconquista, which by the tardy 15th century culminated in the emergence of Spain as a unified country under the Catholic Monarchs.
In the in advance modern period, Spain became the world’s first global empire and the most powerful country in the world, leaving behind a large cultural and linguistic legacy that includes +570 million Hispanophones, making Spanish the world’s second-most spoken original language, after Mandarin Chinese. During the Golden Age there were plus many advancements in the arts, in imitation of world-famous painters such as Diego Velzquez. The most renowned Spanish school work, Don Quixote, was next published during the Golden Age. Spain hosts the world’s third-largest number of UNESCO World heritage Sites.
Spain is a secular parliamentary democracy and a parliamentary monarchy, afterward King Felipe VI as head of state. It is a major developed country and a tall allowance country, gone the world’s fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and sixteenth largest by purchasing facility parity. It is a aficionado of the united Nations (UN), the European linkage (EU), the Eurozone, the Council of Europe (CoE), the presidency of Ibero-American States (OEI), the hold for the Mediterranean, the North Atlantic settlement admin (NATO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and progress (OECD), executive for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Schengen Area, the World Trade organization (WTO) and many further international organisations. while not an attributed member, Spain has a “Permanent Invitation” to the G20 summits, participating in every summit, which makes Spain a de facto aficionada of the group.
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