Europe is a continent located unquestionably in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost allocation of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be on bad terms from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies living thing geography, the estate affix is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several epoch since its first conception in classical antiquity. The unfriendliness of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which revise upon a spectrum rather than next a smart dividing line. The geographic attach between Europe and Asia does not follow any acknowledge boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and united Kingdom are moreover transcontinental in that the main ration is in Europe while pockets of their territory are located in supplementary continents.
Europe covers not quite 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of land area). Politically, Europe is not speaking into practically fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a total population of not quite 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by hot Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers upon much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. further from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The drop of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration time marked the end of ancient history and the coming on of the center Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the innovative era. past the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. surrounded by the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various period the Americas, not far off from all of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French mayhem and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the end of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in good Britain at the end of the 18th century, gave rise to modern economic, cultural and social change in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took area for the most portion in Europe, contributing to a subside in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet union and the united States took prominence. During the frosty War, Europe was not speaking along the Iron Curtain in the company of NATO in the West and the Warsaw agreement in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and drop of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, later than a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, in imitation of the idea of unifying Europe to achieve common goals. It includes every European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. supplementary European integration by some states led to the formation of the European bond (EU), a separate diplomatic entity that lies in the middle of a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward in the past the drop of the Soviet union in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used accompanied by Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen area abolishes link up and immigration controls along with most of its fanatic states.
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