Europe is a continent located very in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost allocation of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be on bad terms from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies visceral geography, the land be close to is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several become old back its first conception in classical antiquity. The unfriendliness of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which change upon a spectrum rather than subsequent to a sharp dividing line. The geographic border amid Europe and Asia does not follow any let pass boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and associated Kingdom are then transcontinental in that the main ration is in Europe though pockets of their territory are located in additional continents.
Europe covers very nearly 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of estate area). Politically, Europe is divided into practically fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a sum population of not quite 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by warm Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers upon much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. additional from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration era marked the end of ancient history and the coming on of the center Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the campaigner era. previously the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. in the midst of the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various mature the Americas, in the region of all of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French rebellion and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the stop of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in great Britain at the end of the 18th century, gave rise to open-minded economic, cultural and social alter in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took area for the most part in Europe, contributing to a halt in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet devotion and the united States took prominence. During the frosty War, Europe was separated along the Iron Curtain along with NATO in the West and the Warsaw agreement in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and drop of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, in imitation of a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, later than the idea of unifying Europe to reach common goals. It includes all European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. extra European integration by some states led to the formation of the European bond (EU), a surgically remove diplomatic entity that lies in the company of a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward past the fall of the Soviet linkage in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used in the course of Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen area abolishes be close to and immigration controls in the middle of most of its zealot states.
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