Europe is a continent located definitely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost allowance of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be divided from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies bodily geography, the estate link up is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several get older in the past its first conception in classical antiquity. The separation of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which amend upon a spectrum rather than following a smart dividing line. The geographic attach amid Europe and Asia does not follow any acknowledge boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and united Kingdom are then transcontinental in that the main portion is in Europe while pockets of their territory are located in other continents.
Europe covers not quite 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of land area). Politically, Europe is at odds into more or less fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a total population of very nearly 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by hot Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers upon much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. extra from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration epoch marked the end of ancient chronicles and the start of the middle Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the militant era. previously the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. amid the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various become old the Americas, nearly every of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French mayhem and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the end of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in good Britain at the stop of the 18th century, gave rise to advocate economic, cultural and social correct in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took area for the most share in Europe, contributing to a decline in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet sticking together and the united States took prominence. During the chilly War, Europe was estranged along the Iron Curtain in the middle of NATO in the West and the Warsaw agreement in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and fall of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, later than a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, considering the idea of unifying Europe to reach common goals. It includes all European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. additional European integration by some states led to the formation of the European linkage (EU), a remove political entity that lies surrounded by a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward back the fall of the Soviet bond in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used in the middle of Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen place abolishes attach and immigration controls among most of its enthusiast states.
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