Europe is a continent located unconditionally in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost ration of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be estranged from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies innate geography, the home link up is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several period back its first conception in classical antiquity. The isolation of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which adjust on a spectrum rather than later than a brilliant dividing line. The geographic link up together with Europe and Asia does not follow any give leave to enter boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and allied Kingdom are along with transcontinental in that the main share is in Europe though pockets of their territory are located in other continents.
Europe covers approximately 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of estate area). Politically, Europe is at odds into more or less fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a sum population of roughly 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by warm Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers upon much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. extra from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than near to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration become old marked the end of ancient archives and the coming on of the middle Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the ahead of its time era. previously the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. amongst the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various get older the Americas, roughly every of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French mayhem and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the end of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in good Britain at the stop of the 18th century, gave rise to avant-garde economic, cultural and social regulate in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took place for the most allocation in Europe, contributing to a end in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet bond and the joined States took prominence. During the chilly War, Europe was not speaking along the Iron Curtain amongst NATO in the West and the Warsaw harmony in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and drop of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, following a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, in imitation of the idea of unifying Europe to achieve common goals. It includes all European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. extra European integration by some states led to the formation of the European hold (EU), a surgically remove political entity that lies amid a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward in the past the drop of the Soviet sticking to in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used in the midst of Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen area abolishes attach and immigration controls in the middle of most of its advocate states.
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