Europe is a continent located unquestionably in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost allocation of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be divided from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies instinctive geography, the house connect is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several grow old previously its first conception in classical antiquity. The estrangement of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which rework upon a spectrum rather than taking into account a bright dividing line. The geographic be close to amongst Europe and Asia does not follow any let pass boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and allied Kingdom are as well as transcontinental in that the main share is in Europe even though pockets of their territory are located in new continents.
Europe covers just about 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of home area). Politically, Europe is on bad terms into very nearly fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a total population of approximately 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by hot Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers on much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. further from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration period marked the end of ancient chronicles and the dawn of the middle Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the ahead of its time era. since the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. in the midst of the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various mature the Americas, almost all of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French lawlessness and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the end of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in great Britain at the end of the 18th century, gave rise to militant economic, cultural and social regulate in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took place for the most share in Europe, contributing to a end in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet union and the allied States took prominence. During the cold War, Europe was estranged along the Iron Curtain with NATO in the West and the Warsaw harmony in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and drop of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, taking into account a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, once the idea of unifying Europe to accomplish common goals. It includes all European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. further European integration by some states led to the formation of the European grip (EU), a separate diplomatic entity that lies in the middle of a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward previously the fall of the Soviet linkage in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used in the midst of Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen place abolishes border and immigration controls accompanied by most of its aficionada states.
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