Europe is a continent located categorically in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost portion of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies visceral geography, the land affix is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several get older past its first conception in classical antiquity. The division of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which revise upon a spectrum rather than past a bright dividing line. The geographic affix together with Europe and Asia does not follow any allow in boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and allied Kingdom are with transcontinental in that the main share is in Europe though pockets of their territory are located in extra continents.
Europe covers nearly 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of house area). Politically, Europe is on bad terms into approximately fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a total population of roughly 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by warm Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers on much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. further from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than near to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration become old marked the stop of ancient archives and the introduction of the center Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the unprejudiced era. in the past the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. amongst the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various time the Americas, around every of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French mayhem and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the end of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in good Britain at the stop of the 18th century, gave rise to forward looking economic, cultural and social change in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took place for the most share in Europe, contributing to a stop in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet union and the joined States took prominence. During the frosty War, Europe was divided along the Iron Curtain together with NATO in the West and the Warsaw deal in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and drop of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, in the same way as a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, subsequent to the idea of unifying Europe to accomplish common goals. It includes every European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. new European integration by some states led to the formation of the European bond (EU), a cut off diplomatic entity that lies in the middle of a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward in the past the fall of the Soviet devotion in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used in the middle of Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen area abolishes link up and immigration controls in the midst of most of its aficionado states.
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