Europe is a continent located utterly in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost share of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be not speaking from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies monster geography, the home attach is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several get older in the past its first conception in classical antiquity. The separation of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which modify on a spectrum rather than in the same way as a smart dividing line. The geographic border surrounded by Europe and Asia does not follow any confess boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and allied Kingdom are after that transcontinental in that the main share is in Europe while pockets of their territory are located in extra continents.
Europe covers approximately 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of estate area). Politically, Europe is separated into very nearly fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a sum population of roughly 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by hot Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers on much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. additional from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The drop of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration epoch marked the end of ancient history and the start of the center Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the campaigner era. back the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. between the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various period the Americas, all but all of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French lawlessness and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the stop of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in great Britain at the end of the 18th century, gave rise to unbiased economic, cultural and social alter in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took area for the most allocation in Europe, contributing to a stop in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet devotion and the associated States took prominence. During the chilly War, Europe was estranged along the Iron Curtain along with NATO in the West and the Warsaw treaty in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and drop of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, following a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, in the same way as the idea of unifying Europe to accomplish common goals. It includes every European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. further European integration by some states led to the formation of the European sticking together (EU), a cut off embassy entity that lies amongst a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward past the drop of the Soviet grip in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used in the midst of Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen area abolishes affix and immigration controls in the course of most of its fanatic states.
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