Europe is a continent located extremely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost portion of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be estranged from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies living thing geography, the estate be next to is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several mature past its first conception in classical antiquity. The distancing of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which adjust upon a spectrum rather than bearing in mind a sharp dividing line. The geographic be next to amongst Europe and Asia does not follow any permit boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and allied Kingdom are along with transcontinental in that the main allocation is in Europe even though pockets of their territory are located in additional continents.
Europe covers more or less 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of land area). Politically, Europe is not speaking into roughly fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a total population of approximately 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by warm Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers on much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. new from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than near to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The drop of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration epoch marked the stop of ancient chronicles and the coming on of the middle Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the campaigner era. back the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. in the midst of the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various time the Americas, around all of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French disorder and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the end of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in good Britain at the end of the 18th century, gave rise to campaigner economic, cultural and social correct in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took place for the most portion in Europe, contributing to a terminate in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet hold and the united States took prominence. During the cold War, Europe was divided along the Iron Curtain surrounded by NATO in the West and the Warsaw concurrence in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and drop of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, when a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, gone the idea of unifying Europe to attain common goals. It includes all European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. extra European integration by some states led to the formation of the European grip (EU), a surgically remove political entity that lies together with a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward back the drop of the Soviet bond in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used along with Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen area abolishes be close to and immigration controls accompanied by most of its aficionado states.
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