Europe is a continent located categorically in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be divided from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies bodily geography, the estate connect is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several get older in the past its first conception in classical antiquity. The separation of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which amend on a spectrum rather than like a smart dividing line. The geographic border surrounded by Europe and Asia does not follow any divulge boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and allied Kingdom are next transcontinental in that the main portion is in Europe while pockets of their territory are located in other continents.
Europe covers very nearly 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of home area). Politically, Europe is separated into virtually fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a sum population of not quite 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by hot Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers upon much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. new from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The drop of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration era marked the stop of ancient archives and the arrival of the middle Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the broadminded era. in the past the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. in the company of the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various era the Americas, in the region of every of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French mayhem and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the end of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in great Britain at the stop of the 18th century, gave rise to enlightened economic, cultural and social tweak in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took place for the most allocation in Europe, contributing to a terminate in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet hold and the united States took prominence. During the frosty War, Europe was divided along the Iron Curtain in the company of NATO in the West and the Warsaw agreement in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and drop of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, as soon as a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, next the idea of unifying Europe to reach common goals. It includes all European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. new European integration by some states led to the formation of the European linkage (EU), a separate political entity that lies with a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward past the fall of the Soviet bond in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used in the midst of Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen area abolishes be close to and immigration controls accompanied by most of its aficionada states.
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