France (French: [fs] (About this soundlisten)), officially the French Republic (French: Rpublique franaise, pronounced [epyblik fsz] (About this soundlisten)), is a country whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe and several overseas regions and territories.[XIII] The metropolitan area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is bordered by Belgium, Luxembourg and Germany to the northeast, Switzerland and Italy to the east, and Andorra and Spain to the south. The overseas territories improve French Guiana in South America and several islands in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. The country’s 18 integral regions (five of which are situated overseas) span a combination place of 643,801 square kilometres (248,573 sq mi) and a sum population of 67.02 million (as of July 2019). France is a unitary semi-presidential republic bearing in mind its capital in Paris, the country’s largest city and main cultural and classified ad centre. supplementary major urban areas count up Lyon, Marseille, Toulouse, Bordeaux, Lille and Nice.
During the Iron Age, what is now metropolitan France was inhabited by the Gauls, a Celtic people. Rome annexed the area in 51 BC, holding it until the initiation of Germanic Franks in 476, who formed the Kingdom of Francia. The harmony of Verdun of 843 partitioned Francia into East Francia, middle Francia and West Francia. West Francia, which became the Kingdom of France in 987, emerged as a major European capability in the tardy center Ages, in the manner of its victory in the Hundred Years’ dogfight (13371453). During the Renaissance, French culture flourished and a global colonial empire was established, which by the 20th century would become the second largest in the world. The 16th century was dominated by religious civil wars surrounded by Catholics and Protestants (Huguenots). France became Europe’s dominant cultural, political, and military faculty in the 17th century below Louis XIV. In the late 18th century, the French mayhem overthrew the perfect monarchy, establishing one of militant history’s antediluvian republics and drafting the support of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, which expresses the nation’s ideals to this day.
In the 19th century, Napoleon took faculty and normal the First French Empire. His subsequent Napoleonic Wars (180315) shaped the course of continental Europe. following the collapse of the Empire, France endured a tumultuous attainment of governments culminating bearing in mind the foundation of the French Third Republic in 1870. France was a major participant in World engagement I, from which it emerged victorious, and was one of the Allies in World court case II, but came below motion by the Axis powers in 1940. later than liberation in 1944, a Fourth Republic was normal and well along dissolved in the course of the Algerian War. The Fifth Republic, led by Charles de Gaulle, was formed in 1958 and remains today. Algeria and approximately every the further colonies became independent in the 1960s, in the same way as most retaining near economic and military links past France.
France has long been a global centre of art, science, and philosophy. It hosts the world’s fourth-largest number of UNESCO World pedigree Sites and is the leading tourist destination, receiving on the order of 83 million foreign visitors annually. France is a developed country past the world’s sixth-largest economy by nominal GDP, and tenth-largest by purchasing aptitude parity. In terms of aggregate household wealth, it ranks fourth in the world. France performs with ease in international rankings of education, health care, vigor expectancy, and human development. France is considered a good skill in global affairs, inborn one of the five permanent members of the associated Nations Security Council later than the aptitude to veto and an endorsed nuclear-weapon state. It is a leading believer declare of the European devotion and the Eurozone, and a believer of the society of 7, North Atlantic pact government (NATO), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and go ahead (OECD), the World Trade management (WTO), and La Francophonie.
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location of the 1914 1918 battlefields of the western front lochnagar crater on the 1916 somme battlefield northern france a huge mine was exploded under the german positions on the first day of the battle of the somme 1 july 1916 a huge mine was exploded under the german positions on the first day of the battle of the somme 1 july 1916 ww1 battlefields in france trip historic explore the ww1 battlefields in france view wwi sites on an interactive map get key info tour details and more maps for travel to the ww1 battlefields great war maps for travel to the ww1 battlefields modern road walking cycling maps numerous modern maps covering the belgian and french battlefield regions of the 1914 1918 western front are produced by the well known map publishers michelin and institute national geographique ign first world war in northern france theotherside although paris and most of france was saved almost all of belgium and much of the northern borderlands of france remained in enemy hands german troops established control with harsh repressive measures confiscating houses and property for the use of occupying troops and killing people who resisted australian battlefields of world war 1 france maps maps northern france 1914 right mouse click to zoom front line the somme and the great war world war one battlefields the department of the somme lies in the picardy region of northern france see the travelling to the somme page for information on how to get there and staying in the somme for where to stay north of france map the map of northern france with best the history of france france history french history by travel france vacation the plants and animals of france travel france vacation the culture of france art architecture literature movies cinema music sports the great war in france battlefields sites and monuments today the only sounds that disturb the fields and forests of much of northeast france are those of farm machinery and passing road traffic or in more bucolic locations birdsong the bells of grazing cattle and other traditional rural sounds northern france guide to the towns and villages of guide to northern france we visit northern france at least twice a year let us guide you through the towns and villages in pas de calais picardy and the somme area we have visited over the last few years german occupation of north east france during world war i the german occupation of north east france refers to the period in which french territory mostly along the belgian and luxembourgish border was held under military occupation by the german empire during world war i
