Europe is a continent located unquestionably in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost allocation of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies inborn geography, the land be close to is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several times since its first conception in classical antiquity. The hostility of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which rework upon a spectrum rather than with a smart dividing line. The geographic connect between Europe and Asia does not follow any let pass boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and joined Kingdom are as well as transcontinental in that the main ration is in Europe even if pockets of their territory are located in supplementary continents.
Europe covers just about 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of estate area). Politically, Europe is estranged into practically fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a total population of virtually 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by warm Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers upon much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. supplementary from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The drop of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration times marked the end of ancient records and the initiation of the middle Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the liberal era. in the past the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. in the midst of the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various grow old the Americas, in relation to every of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French chaos and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the stop of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in great Britain at the end of the 18th century, gave rise to liberal economic, cultural and social alter in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took place for the most allocation in Europe, contributing to a grow less in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet grip and the associated States took prominence. During the cold War, Europe was separated along the Iron Curtain in the company of NATO in the West and the Warsaw settlement in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and fall of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, subsequently a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, similar to the idea of unifying Europe to reach common goals. It includes every European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. further European integration by some states led to the formation of the European bond (EU), a surgically remove embassy entity that lies in the company of a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward before the fall of the Soviet sticking together in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used among Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen area abolishes be close to and immigration controls accompanied by most of its aficionado states.
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german occupied europe wikipedia german occupied europe refers to the sovereign countries of europe which were occupied and civil occupied including puppet government by the military forces and the government of nazi germany at various times between 1939 and 1945 during and shortly before world war ii generally administered by the nazi regime the farthest east in europe the world war ii in europe the holocaust encyclopedia the holocaust occurred in the broader context of world war ii world war ii was the largest and most destructive conflict in history adolf hitler and the nazi regime envisioned a vast new empire of living space lebensraum for germans in eastern europe by the removal of existing populations escape from german occupied europe the holocaust even before the beginning of world war ii many jews sought to escape from countries under nazi control between 1933 and 1939 more than 90 000 german and austrian jews fled to neighboring countries france belgium the netherlands denmark czechoslovakia and switzerland denmark in world war ii wikipedia from 1918 until 1944 iceland was self governing but the danish king king christian x was head of state of both denmark and iceland the united kingdom occupied iceland to pre empt a german occupation on 10 may 1940 turning it over to the then neutral united states in july 1941 before that country entered the war in december 1941 normandy landings wikipedia normandy landings part of operation overlord invasion of normandy western front of world war ii men of the 16th infantry regiment us 1st infantry division wading ashore on omaha beach on the morning of 6 june 1944 the map as history a multimedia atlas the map as history a multimedia atlas of world history with animated historical maps vichy france french history britannica com vichy france july 1940 september 1944 france under the regime of marshal philippe petain from the nazi german defeat of france to the allied liberation in world war ii the franco german armistice of june 22 1940 divided france into two zones one to be under german military occupation and historical maps and atlases the jewish history resource general hyperhistory antiquity medieval and modern maps historic atlas resource library osshe europe ancient middle east north africa and north america shoah wikipedia en france l usage a consacre le terme shoah de preference a celui d holocauste qui signifie un sacrifice religieux ainsi le petit larousse 2004 precise t il a l entree holocauste genocide des juifs d europe perpetre par les nazis et leurs auxiliaires de 1939 a 1945 nazi party history under the leadership of adolf hitler 1889 1945 the national socialist german workers party or nazi party grew into a mass movement and ruled germany through totalitarian means from 1933 to
