Europe is a continent located agreed in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost share of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be at odds from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies physical geography, the home be next to is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several time past its first conception in classical antiquity. The distancing of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which revise on a spectrum rather than taking into consideration a smart dividing line. The geographic attach amongst Europe and Asia does not follow any acknowledge boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and associated Kingdom are as well as transcontinental in that the main share is in Europe while pockets of their territory are located in extra continents.
Europe covers more or less 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of land area). Politically, Europe is on bad terms into approximately fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a sum population of virtually 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by warm Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers on much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. supplementary from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration mature marked the stop of ancient history and the dawn of the center Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the futuristic era. previously the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. with the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various get older the Americas, with reference to all of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French lawlessness and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the stop of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in great Britain at the end of the 18th century, gave rise to enlightened economic, cultural and social correct in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took area for the most share in Europe, contributing to a decline in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet grip and the associated States took prominence. During the frosty War, Europe was on bad terms along the Iron Curtain in the middle of NATO in the West and the Warsaw harmony in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and fall of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, with a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, later than the idea of unifying Europe to achieve common goals. It includes all European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. supplementary European integration by some states led to the formation of the European union (EU), a surgically remove political entity that lies amongst a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward before the drop of the Soviet linkage in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used accompanied by Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen area abolishes be next to and immigration controls along with most of its supporter states.
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