Spain (Spanish: Espaa [espaa] (About this soundlisten)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de Espaa), is a country mostly located in Europe. Its continental European territory is situated upon the Iberian Peninsula. Its territory as a consequence includes two archipelagoes: the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa, and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The African enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Pen de Vlez de la Gomera make Spain the lonely European country to have a bodily be close to like an African country (Morocco). Several small islands in the Alboran Sea are along with allocation of Spanish territory. The country’s mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small estate boundary once Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the niche of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.
With an area of 505,990 km2 (195,360 sq mi), Spain is the largest country in Southern Europe, the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union, and the fourth largest country in the European continent. By population (about 47 million), Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union. Spain’s capital and largest city is Madrid; supplementary major urban areas adjoin Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Mlaga and Bilbao.
Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula a propos 35,000 years ago. Iberian cultures along in imitation of ancient Phoenician, Greek, Celtic and Carthaginian settlements developed on the peninsula until it came under Roman judge with reference to 200 BCE, after which the region was named Hispania, based on the earlier Phoenician publicize Sp(a)n or Spania. At the end of the Western Roman Empire the Germanic tribal confederations migrated from Central Europe, invaded the Iberian peninsula and normal relatively independent realms in its western provinces, including the Suebi, Alans and Vandals. Eventually, the Visigoths would forcibly merge every steadfast independent territories in the peninsula, including Byzantine provinces, into the Kingdom of Toledo, which more or less unified politically, ecclesiastically and legally all the former Roman provinces or successor kingdoms of what was then documented as Hispania.
In the in advance eighth century the Visigothic Kingdom fell to the Moors of the Umayyad Islamic Caliphate, who arrived to regard as being most of the peninsula in the year 726, rejection deserted a handful of small Christian realms in the north and lasting stirring to seven centuries in the Kingdom of Granada. This led to many wars during a long reconquering get older across the Iberian Peninsula, which led to the foundation of Kingdom of Leon, Kingdom of Castille, Kingdom of Aragon and Kingdom of Navarre as the main Christian kingdoms to point the invasion. subsequent to the Moorish conquest, Europeans began a gradual process of retaking the region known as the Reconquista, which by the late 15th century culminated in the emergence of Spain as a unified country below the Catholic Monarchs.
In the to the lead advanced period, Spain became the world’s first global empire and the most powerful country in the world, leaving a large cultural and linguistic legacy that includes +570 million Hispanophones, making Spanish the world’s second-most spoken original language, after Mandarin Chinese. During the Golden Age there were furthermore many advancements in the arts, considering world-famous painters such as Diego Velzquez. The most renowned Spanish theoretical work, Don Quixote, was afterward published during the Golden Age. Spain hosts the world’s third-largest number of UNESCO World stock Sites.
Spain is a secular parliamentary democracy and a parliamentary monarchy, once King Felipe VI as head of state. It is a major developed country and a tall income country, gone the world’s fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and sixteenth largest by purchasing capability parity. It is a advocate of the associated Nations (UN), the European grip (EU), the Eurozone, the Council of Europe (CoE), the processing of Ibero-American States (OEI), the linkage for the Mediterranean, the North Atlantic treaty paperwork (NATO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and press on (OECD), government for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Schengen Area, the World Trade organization (WTO) and many additional international organisations. even if not an qualified member, Spain has a “Permanent Invitation” to the G20 summits, participating in all summit, which makes Spain a de facto supporter of the group.
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