Europe is a continent located enormously in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost ration of Eurasia.
Europe is most commonly considered to be estranged from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term “continent” implies being geography, the land link up is somewhat arbitrary and has been redefined several time before its first conception in classical antiquity. The isolation of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences which correct on a spectrum rather than next a bright dividing line. The geographic be close to between Europe and Asia does not follow any own up boundaries: Turkey, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan are transcontinental countries. France, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain and associated Kingdom are then transcontinental in that the main part is in Europe though pockets of their territory are located in extra continents.
Europe covers not quite 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of land area). Politically, Europe is divided into nearly fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a sum population of just about 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by hot Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers on much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. further from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than near to the coast.
Europe, in particular ancient Greece and ancient Rome, was the birthplace of Western civilization. The fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD and the subsequent Migration epoch marked the end of ancient chronicles and the beginning of the middle Ages. Renaissance humanism, exploration, art and science led to the enlightened era. past the Age of Discovery started by Portugal and Spain, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs. along with the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers controlled at various epoch the Americas, almost all of Africa and Oceania and the majority of Asia.
The Age of Enlightenment, the subsequent French disorder and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically and economically from the stop of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in good Britain at the end of the 18th century, gave rise to broadminded economic, cultural and social change in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars took place for the most portion in Europe, contributing to a halt in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet sticking together and the joined States took prominence. During the frosty War, Europe was on bad terms along the Iron Curtain with NATO in the West and the Warsaw settlement in the East, until the revolutions of 1989 and fall of the Berlin Wall.
In 1949 the Council of Europe was founded, later a speech by Sir Winston Churchill, in the same way as the idea of unifying Europe to attain common goals. It includes every European states except for Belarus, Kazakhstan and Vatican City. other European integration by some states led to the formation of the European linkage (EU), a remove political entity that lies with a confederation and a federation. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward before the drop of the Soviet union in 1991. The currency of most countries of the European Union, the euro, is the most commonly used among Europeans; and the EU’s Schengen area abolishes border and immigration controls in the midst of most of its aficionada states.
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